Résumés
Résumé
La gratitude a été définie comme une émotion sociale agréable qui génère de nombreuses conséquences positives sur la santé physique, mentale et sociale par le biais d’une augmentation de la capacité à apprécier les expériences, à percevoir des bénéfices même en cas d’adversité, et à développer, maintenir et améliorer les relations sociales. Toutefois, loin d’être un état dont les effets ne bénéficieraient qu’à l’individu, la gratitude engendre également des effets bénéfiques pour autrui, notamment par le biais de son expression : l’expression de gratitude génère un sentiment d’utilité et de valeur sociale chez l’interlocuteur, augmentant par-là le bien-être psychologique. Au-delà du simple effet de contagion émotionnelle, la gratitude entraîne une amélioration réciproque des relations, ce qui favorise le maintien ou l’amélioration des relations sociales constructives, auxquelles le bien-être est étroitement lié. Les mécanismes explicatifs des liens entre gratitude et bien-être individuel et collectif sont présentés, ainsi que des perspectives de recherche et d’applications pratiques.
Mots-clés :
- gratitude,
- psychologie positive,
- bien-être,
- comportements prosociaux,
- connexion sociale
Abstract
Gratitude has been defined as a social emotion which generates numerous positive consequences on physical, mental and social well-being through the development of the ability to savor experiences, to find benefits even when facing adversity, and to develop, maintain, and increase positive relationships. However, far from leading to a state in which the effects would only benefit the individual, gratitude generates beneficial effects for others as well. Expressing gratitude generates feelings of social utility and social worth which positively impact psychological well-being of the receiving party. Beyond emotional contagion, through which relatives benefit from others’ positive emotions, gratitude opens a pathway that nurtures mutual positive relationships, thereby ensuring maintenance or increased well-being. The present article explains the mechanisms through which gratitude positively impacts individual and collective well-being, and presents further research and practical avenues.
Keywords:
- gratitude,
- positive psychology,
- well-being,
- prosocial behaviors,
- social connectedness
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