Résumés
Abstract
Background: Medical learners develop a more positive attitude toward Interprofessional Collaboration (IPC) following Interprofessional Education (IPE) programs. However, IPE is not standardized and the most effective teaching tool is unclear. The purpose of our study was to develop an IPE teaching tool for medical residents during an inpatient geriatric medicine rotation at an academic hospital, evaluate and explore the impact of the program on resident attitudes towards teamwork, and identify barriers and facilitators to interprofessional collaboration.
Methods: An innovative video was developed which simulated a common IPC scenario. Near the start of the rotation, learners watched the video then participated in a facilitated discussion around principles of IPE, using the Canadian Interprofessional Health Collaborative (CIHC) framework, which highlights interprofessional communication, patient-centered care, role clarification, team functioning, collaborative leadership, and interprofessional conflict resolution. At the end of their four-week rotation, focus groups were conducted to explore resident attitudes towards IPE. The Theoretical Domain Framework (TDF) was used for qualitative analysis.
Results: Data from 23 participants in five focus groups were analyzed using the TDF framework. Residents were able to identify barriers and facilitators to IPC in five TDF domains: environmental context and resources, social/professional role and identity, knowledge, social influences and skills. Their observations correlated with the CIHC framework.
Conclusion: The use of a scripted video and facilitated group discussion gave insights into residents’ attitudes, perceived barriers and facilitators towards IPC on a geriatric medicine unit. Future research could explore the use of this video intervention in other hospital services where team-based care is important
Résumé
Contexte : Les apprenants en médecine développent une attitude plus positive à l’égard de la collaboration interprofessionnelle (CIP) après avoir suivi un programme de formation interprofessionnelle (FIP). Toutefois, la FIP n’est pas standardisée et on ne sait pas quel outil d’enseignement est le plus efficace. Le but de notre étude était d’élaborer un outil de FIP pour les résidents en stage de gériatrie dans un hôpital universitaire, d’évaluer et d’explorer les effets du programme sur les attitudes des résidents à l’égard du travail d’équipe, et de recenser les facteurs qui entravent ou facilitent la collaboration interprofessionnelle.
Méthodes : Une capsule vidéo innovante simulant un scénario courant de CIP a été créée. Au début de leur stage de résidence, les apprenants ont regardé la capsule et participé à une discussion animée sur les principes de la CIP, conformément au référentiel du Consortium pancanadien pour l’interprofessionnalisme en santé (CPIS), qui prône notamment la communication interprofessionnelle, les soins centrés sur le patient, la clarification des rôles, le fonctionnement de l’équipe, le leadership collaboratif et la résolution des conflits interprofessionnels. À la fin de leur stage de quatre semaines, des groupes de discussion ont été organisés pour explorer les attitudes des résidents à l’égard de la CIP. Un cadre de domaines théoriques (Theoretical Domains Framework) a été appliqué pour réaliser l’analyse qualitative.
Conclusion : Au moyen d’une capsule scénarisée et d’une discussion de groupe dirigée, nous avons pu cerner les attitudes des résidents d’une unité de gériatrie par rapport à la CIP ainsi que leurs perceptions quant aux facteurs qui peuvent l’entraver ou la faciliter. Des travaux futurs pourraient explorer le recours à cette formule d’enseignement de la CIP dans d’autres services hospitaliers où les soins en équipe sont importants.
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