Résumés
Abstract
Introduction: A sustainable diet is a diet that is respectful of ecosystems, culturally acceptable, accessible and healthy. It is considered as a promising avenue for optimizing health and reducing the impacts of food on the environment. Several nursing associations have demonstrated a growing concern for nurses’ involvement in environmental and climate change issues, including in promoting sustainable diet. However, the literature reveals a lack of data on why and how nurses could address sustainable diet in their clinical practice.
Objective: The aim of this study was to explore clinical nurses’ perceptions of their role in the promotion of sustainable diet.
Methods: A descriptive qualitative study was conducted based on 6 focus groups involving 20 nurses from 7 regions of the province of Quebec, Canada. Computer-assisted thematic analysis was conducted on verbatim transcripts.
Results: The discussions revealed 3 major themes. First, some dimensions of sustainable eating are already implicitly addressed and nurses were theoretically open to make further. However, it was difficult to see how nurses could translate this interest into concrete action due to a lack of time and their other clinical priorities. Lastly, in order to do this, nurses need support from health organizations as well as clear guidelines, training and tools.
Discussion and conclusion: Despite experts’ recommendations, many barriers and inadequacies between experts’ recommendations and nurses’ reality prevent the implementation of concrete initiatives toward the promotion of sustainable diet among nurses. Nurses are invited to get involved and contribute to the promotion of sustainable diet with a “bottom-up” approach.
Keywords:
- sustainable diet,
- sustainable development,
- nursing practices,
- qualitative research,
- nurses’ role
Résumé
Introduction : L’alimentation durable désigne une alimentation saine, solidaire et juste, présentant un faible impact environnemental et contribuant à la souveraineté, à la sécurité et à la santé alimentaires. Plusieurs associations infirmières ont manifesté un intérêt croissant pour favoriser la contribution infirmière en regard des enjeux climatiques, notamment en matière d’alimentation durable. Cependant, peu de données sont disponibles sur les rôles et les actions attendues des infirmières et infirmiers.
Objectif : L’objectif de cette étude était d’explorer les perceptions infirmières de la prise en compte de l’alimentation durable dans leur pratique clinique.
Méthodes : Une étude qualitative descriptive a été menée auprès de 6 groupes de discussion impliquant 20 infirmières et infirmiers de 7 régions de la province de Québec, au Canada. Les transcriptions intégrales des rencontres ont été analysées selon une analyse thématique assistée par ordinateur.
Résultats : Les discussions ont révélé 3 thèmes principaux. Premièrement, les infirmières et infirmiers abordent déjà implicitement certaines dimensions de l’alimentation durable et ont une ouverture « théorique » pour l’intégrer davantage. Deuxièmement, les infirmières et infirmiers perçoivent difficilement comment cet intérêt peut se traduire par des actions concrètes en raison du manque de temps et de leurs autres priorités cliniques. Troisièmement, les infirmières et infirmiers ont besoin de soutien de la part des organisations de santé ainsi que des lignes directrices claires, des formations et des outils.
Discussion et conclusion : Plusieurs barrières et inadéquations entre les recommandations émises par les experts et la réalité de la pratique infirmière empêchent la mise en place concrète d’initiatives chez les infirmières et infirmiers qui sont invités à s’engager et à contribuer à la promotion de l’alimentation durable avec une approche dite bottom-up.
Mots-clés :
- alimentation durable,
- développement durable,
- pratiques infirmières,
- recherche qualitative,
- rôle infirmier
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