Résumés
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of the university experience (scholarship, repetition) on the relationship between pre-entry attributes (father’s occupation, gender, place of birth, age at first enrollment, field of study in high school, graduate point average [GPA], university enrollment delay in the university, university reform) and academic persistence in master’s degree in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) at a university in Burkina Faso. Cox regression and modern mediation analyses are used on longitudinal data from 14 cohorts of freshmen (n = 13,891). Findings revealed indirect-only mediation (father’s occupation [other], field of study in high school, age at first enrollment), complementary mediation (GPA), competitive mediation (university enrollment delay, university reform), and an absence of mediation (direct-only) for gender. There is no mediating effect for the place of birth and the father’s salaried profession. Scholarship programs as well as appropriate reforms and policies aiming to reduce repetition are required to improve academic persistence in master’s degree in STEM.
Keywords:
- academic persistence,
- university experience,
- survival analysis,
- mediation analysis,
- Burkina Faso
Résumé
La présente recherche vise à expliquer l’effet de l’expérience universitaire (bourse, redoublement) sur la relation entre les caractéristiques de préadmission (profession du père, genre, lieu de naissance, âge à la première inscription, domaine d’étude, score à l’examen de fin du secondaire, délai d’inscription, réforme universitaire) et la persévérance aux études à la maîtrise en sciences, technologies, ingénierie et mathématiques (STIM) à une université au Burkina Faso. La régression de Cox et l’analyse moderne de médiation sont utilisées sur des données longitudinales de 14 cohortes d’étudiants (n = 13 891). Les résultats indiquent une médiation indirecte uniquement (profession du père [autre], domaine d’étude, âge à la première inscription); une médiation complémentaire (score à l’examen de fin du secondaire) ; une médiation compétitive (délai d’inscription, réforme universitaire) ; une absence de médiation (lien direct uniquement) pour le genre ; et aucun effet médiateur pour le lieu de naissance et la profession salariée du père. Des programmes de bourses ainsi que des réformes et politiques adéquates visant à réduire le redoublement amélioreraient la persévérance aux études à la maîtrise en STIM.
Mots-clés :
- persévérance aux études,
- expérience universitaire,
- analyse de survie,
- analyse de médiation,
- Burkina Faso
Resumo
A presente investigação visa explicar o efeito da experiência universitária (bolsa de estudos, repetição) na relação entre as características de pré-admissão (profissão do pai, género, naturalidade, idade da primeira matrícula, área de estudo, classificação no exame final do ensino secundário, prazo de inscrição, reforma universitária) e perseverança nos estudos de mestrado em ciência, tecnologia, engenharia e matemática (STEM) na Universidade Joseph Ki-Zerbo do Burkina Faso. A regressão de Cox e a análise moderna de mediação são usadas em dados longitudinais de 14 coortes de alunos (n = 13 891). Os resultados indicam apenas uma mediação indireta (profissão do pai [outra], área de estudo, idade na primeira matrícula); uma mediação complementar (classificação no exame final do ensino secundário); uma mediação competitiva (prazo de inscrição, reforma universitária); uma falta de mediação (ligação direta apenas) para género; e nenhum efeito mediador para o local de nascimento e a profissão assalariada do pai. A perseverança nos estudos de mestrado em STEM melhoraria com programas de bolsas de estudo e reformas e políticas adequadas destinadas a reduzir a repetição.
Palavras chaves:
- perseverança nos estudos,
- experiência universitária,
- análise de sobrevivência,
- análise de mediação,
- Burkina Faso
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