Résumés
Résumé
Cette étude constitue une méta-analyse centrée sur les jugements de contingence chez les individus dépressifs et non dépressifs. Elle visait à déterminer si les dépressifs présentent des jugements de contingence plus précis que les non dépressifs et à déterminer la robustesse de cet effet en considérant différents modérateurs. Seize études représentant 1167 participants étaient disponibles. Les jugements de contingence sont significativement plus précis chez les dépressifs. Ce résultat varie selon le degré de contingence, mais pas selon le sexe, la sévérité de la dépression ou les autres caractéristiques expérimentales. Ces résultats sont discutés à la lumière de la théorie de la marge optimale d’illusion.
Mots-clés :
- réalisme dépressif,
- jugements de contingence,
- méta-analyse
Abstract
The current study represents a meta-analysis focusing on depressed and nondepressed individuals’ judgments of contingencies. Specifically, it aimed: 1) to determine whether depressed individuals display more accurate judgments of contingencies than nondepressed individuals do, and; 2) to determine under which conditions this effect is statistically significant. A literature search revealed 16 studies representing 1167 participants. Results indicate that depressed individuals’ judgments of contingencies are more accurate than those of the nondepressed. This effect is moderated by the objective degree of contingency but not by sex, depression severity or other task characteristics. Results are discussed in regards to the optimal margin of illusion theory.
Keywords:
- depressive realism,
- judgments of contingencies,
- meta-analysis
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Bibliographie
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Les références marquées d’un astérisque sont incluses dans les analyses propres à la méta-analyse.